Intensive care started during World War II when ‘shock wards’ were established to resuscitate and treat the injured soldiers. There are also academic institutions (medical colleges) and community hospitals which offer cheaper and sometimes free treatment to the poor and underprivileged population, but to a limited degree. 1, 2 Though the government is providing cheap health care through government hospitals, the health care system is mostly private and people have to pay. The infant mortality rate has decreased to 46 and maternal mortality rate to 54 per thousand live births the life expectancy at birth continues to increase and is now, in 2009, 67 and 68 years for males and females respectively. 1 With these limited resources and political turmoil, the country is struggling to improve its health care indicators. Nepal is a small country with an area of 147 181 km 2 and a population of approximately 29 million it is one of the poorest countries with per capita income of only US$642. Critical care medicine, Nepal Country profile
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